The ability to convert provitamin A carotenoids, like beta carotene, into active vitamin A varies from one person to the next, owing to genetic variations that can limit enzyme activity. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding the enzyme BCMO1 (β-Carotene 15, 15'-monooxygenase 1) can decrease the conversion efficacy of carotenoids into retinal, the immediate precursor of vitamin A, by up to 69%.1 These common variations can be bypassed with dietary retinol (vitamin A).2 Since variations in the BCMO1 gene have also been associated with macular pigment density, this formula includes a blend of lutein, zeaxanthin and astaxanthin to promote macular health.3 Lutein and zeaxanthin are the two carotenoids found in macular pigment; as such, they act to support the integrity and density of the pigment, as well as optical lens health.4 Astaxanthin offers support for antioxidant defenses to protect retinal health.
